Orthopedists

What is Orthopedics and when to consult an orthopedist?

Orthopedics is the medical specialty dedicated to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of musculoskeletal system problems, which encompasses bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves. Consult an orthopedist when you have persistent pain in joints or muscles, limitation of movements, traumas such as fractures or sprains, postural deformities, chronic back pain, or sports injuries.

Many orthopedists have subspecializations, such as knee surgery, hand, hip, or sports medicine, allowing personalized care for your specific condition. The sooner you seek specialized help, the greater the chances of effective and less invasive treatment.

What does an orthopedist do?

An orthopedist diagnoses and treats conditions that affect the musculoskeletal system through detailed clinical examination and analysis of complementary exams. These professionals identify the origin of pain and discomfort related to bone and muscle structures, differentiating acute conditions from chronic problems.

In addition to treating established conditions, the orthopedist works in preventing future injuries, offering guidance on appropriate physical activities, ergonomics, and postural habits. Whether treating a fracture, correcting scoliosis, relieving chronic pain, or performing complex procedures such as joint replacement, the orthopedist is the qualified professional to restore your functionality and improve your quality of life.

Main conditions treated by orthopedists

Orthopedists treat a wide variety of conditions that affect your mobility and quality of life. Among the most common problems are degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis, arthrosis, and osteoporosis, which cause wear on joints and bones. Sports injuries are also frequent, including sprains, ligament ruptures, tendinitis, and stress fractures.

Postural problems such as:lower back pain, kyphosis, and scoliosis can result from poor posture or congenital conditions. Herniated discs, bursitis, and tendinitis are also among the conditions that cause pain, swelling, and limitation of movements treated by these specialists.

Frequent conditions in orthopedic practice

Spinal pathologies, such as herniated discs and chronic low back pain, affect a large part of the population. Ligament injuries, especially in the knees and ankles, are common in those who practice physical activities. Arthrosis mainly affects knees, hips, and hands, causing pain and functional limitation in people over 50 years old.

Other conditions include rotator cuff injuries in the shoulder, peripheral nerve compression syndromes such as carpal tunnel syndrome, foot deformities such as bunions, and inflammatory conditions such as epicondylitis (tennis or golfer's elbow).

Why early diagnosis should be made in orthopedic problems

Identifying and treating orthopedic problems early makes a significant difference in recovery. Early diagnosis allows preventing the worsening of injuries, avoiding permanent damage, reducing the need for surgical interventions, and preventing chronic pain.

Be alert to warning signs such as persistent pain, swelling, morning stiffness, limitation of movements, or feeling of instability in the joints. A qualified orthopedist will use clinical and complementary exams for precise diagnosis, such as X-rays, MRI, ultrasound, bone densitometry, and laboratory tests.

Exams used in orthopedic diagnosis

X-rays are fundamental to visualize bone structure and identify fractures and deformities. Computed tomography offers detailed three-dimensional images of bone structures. Magnetic resonance imaging provides exceptional visualization of soft tissues such as cartilage, ligaments, and tendons.

Musculoskeletal ultrasound allows dynamic evaluation of structures in movement. Bone scintigraphy detects areas of increased metabolic activity in bones. Tests such as electroneuromyography evaluate the function of nerves and muscles, while bone densitometry quantifies bone mineral density for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

The importance of orthopedist specialization in your problem

When choosing an orthopedist, the specialization of this professional in the area related to your problem is essential for effective treatment. Some examples of specializations include:

• Orthopedic traumatologists: The foundation of orthopedics, focusing on the treatment of serious injuries caused by accidents and traumas, including complex fractures and cases of multiple traumas.
• Orthopedic oncologists: Specialized in diagnosing and treating bone and soft tissue tumors, both benign and malignant.
• Sports medicine orthopedic surgeons: Focus on the treatment and prevention of injuries related to sports and physical activities in all regions of the body.
• Joint replacement physicians: Specialists who perform arthroplasty procedures on various joints, focusing primarily on hip and knee replacements.
• Shoulder surgeons: Specialized in treating specific conditions of the shoulder joint.
• Shoulder and elbow surgeons: Treat the entire spectrum of conditions affecting the shoulder and elbow joints.
• Hand surgeons: Focus on the complex anatomy of the hand, wrist, and forearm.
• Knee surgeons: Specialize specifically in the knee joint, performing reconstructions and repairs.
• Foot and ankle surgeons: Treat conditions affecting the foot and ankle region.
• Pediatric orthopedists: Focus exclusively on musculoskeletal problems in children and adolescents.
• Spine surgeons: Specialized in surgical interventions for all spine conditions.

It is important to choose an orthopedist who has specialization in the area related to your problem, whether it is related to sports injuries, joint problems, spine, or other orthopedic treatments. This will ensure that you receive the best possible care for your condition.

Modern treatments in Orthopedics

Modern orthopedics offers various therapeutic options, always seeking the least invasive solution possible. Non-surgical treatments include physical therapy to strengthen muscles and improve range of motion, medications for pain and inflammation control, orthoses for postural correction, joint infiltrations, and therapies such as shock waves.

When necessary, advanced surgical procedures include arthroscopy to treat joint problems with minimal invasion, robotic surgery for greater precision, state-of-the-art prostheses, percutaneous surgery, and osteochondral transplants for damaged cartilage recovery.

Personalized therapeutic options

The therapeutic arsenal includes drug therapies such as analgesics, anti-inflammatories, and muscle relaxants. Physical rehabilitation may involve conventional physiotherapy, hydrotherapy, occupational therapy, and global postural reeducation. Minimally invasive procedures such as corticosteroid infiltrations, viscosupplementation with hyaluronic acid, and application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are alternatives before surgical interventions.

Innovative therapies such as regenerative medicine with stem cells, shock wave therapy, and magnetotherapy represent the frontier of orthopedic treatments. A multidisciplinary approach that may include nutritional monitoring and psychotherapy for chronic pain management characterizes contemporary orthopedics.

How to choose the ideal orthopedist for your needs

Finding the right professional is essential for the success of your treatment. When looking for an orthopedist on AvaliaMed, consider the doctor's subspecialty, checking if it meets your specific condition. Examine the professional's experience, academic background, and certifications.

On AvaliaMed, you have access to real testimonials from other patients that can help in your decision. Also consider the doctor's treatment approach, as some have a more conservative view, while others are specialists in specific surgical procedures.

Criteria for a correct choice

Identify which orthopedic subspecialty is most aligned with your specific problem. Check professional credentials, including training, specialist title by SBOT, and continuing education. Clinical experience is crucial, especially in surgical procedures or complex conditions.

Consider the doctor's communication style, as it is essential to feel comfortable to express doubts and understand guidelines. Practical issues such as accepted insurance plans, office location, and schedule availability are also relevant. On AvaliaMed, advanced filters allow you to find professionals who meet all these criteria.

Benefits of consulting an orthopedist

Consulting an orthopedist provides accurate diagnosis, avoiding unnecessary or inappropriate treatments. You will have access to specialized and personalized treatments, based on the particularities of your case and supported by updated scientific evidence.

Early and specialized care can prevent aggravations and permanent sequelae, preserving important structures and functions. Proper pain management significantly improves your quality of life, allowing you to resume daily activities. You will receive specific preventive guidance, including exercises, ergonomic adjustments, and lifestyle changes.

Preparing for your consultation with the orthopedist

To make the most of your consultation, prepare yourself adequately. Write down your symptoms in detail, including when they started, what makes them worse or better, and how they affect your daily activities. List all medications you use, including supplements and natural remedies.

Gather previous exams related to the problem, even if they seem old. Prepare specific questions for the doctor and wear comfortable clothes that allow easy access to the affected area. During the consultation, describe your symptoms clearly, mention previous treatments and their results, and write down medical recommendations.

Rehabilitation and recovery after orthopedic treatments

Rehabilitation is crucial after orthopedic injuries or surgeries. A well-structured program accelerates healing, restores muscle strength and range of motion, prevents complications, and facilitates the return to daily activities.

Physical therapy is essential, with specific exercises for muscle strengthening, improving range of motion, balance training, and proprioception. Occupational therapy helps recover skills for daily activities, especially after surgeries on the hands or upper limbs. Hydrotherapy reduces impact on joints and facilitates movement.

Preventive habits for orthopedic health

Adopting healthy habits prevents orthopedic problems. Regular physical exercise strengthens muscles and joints. Maintaining good posture during all activities is fundamental, avoiding bending your back when using your cell phone or sitting for long periods.

Wear appropriate footwear with cushioning and support for better weight distribution. Control your weight, as excess weight overloads joints. Take frequent breaks if your work involves repetitive movements. Maintain a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D. When lifting heavy objects, bend your knees while keeping your spine straight.

Daily habits for musculoskeletal protection

Practice balanced exercises that combine low-impact aerobic activities with moderate strength training and regular stretching. Maintain proper posture, with feet on the floor and spine straight when sitting. Adjust the ergonomics of the work environment, with appropriate height of desk and chair and correct positioning of the computer.

Stay properly hydrated to maintain the health of the intervertebral discs. Sleep on an appropriate mattress and pillow to prevent tension in the cervical spine. Avoid spending long periods looking down at smartphones, a position that overloads the cervical vertebrae.

Technology at the service of orthopedic health

Technological evolution has transformed the field of orthopedics, providing more accurate diagnoses and more effective treatments. High-definition imaging devices allow visualization of internal structures with extraordinary precision. Computerized navigation during surgeries increases the precision of delicate procedures.

Minimally invasive techniques make it possible to treat joint problems through minimal incisions. The materials used in prostheses and implants have evolved to lighter and more resistant metal alloys, advanced polymers, and special ceramics. 3D printing has revolutionized the manufacturing of personalized orthoses and custom-made implants.

At AvaliaMed, you find the best orthopedists, with different subspecializations, to take care of your musculoskeletal health. Our professionals are rigorously selected and evaluated by the patients themselves, ensuring quality care. Schedule your appointment today through our platform and take the first step towards a life with more movement and less pain.